![]() Sugar-phosphate backbone: The outer support of the ladder, forming strong covalent bonds between monomers of DNA.īase pairing: The specific way in which bases of DNA line up and bond to one another A always with T and G always with C.ĭouble helix: The structure of DNA which looks like a twisted staircase.Īntiparallel: A term applied to two molecules that are side by side but run in opposite directions. Genetic material: A material that carries hereditary information to build the organism in each generation. It consists of two sugar-phosphate backbones on. The twisting of DNA is the result of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions between the molecules that comprise DNA and water in a cell. This double helix shape is often visualized as a spiral staircase. Its double helix consists of two spiral chains of DNA. Nitrogenous bases : Organic molecules, which are part of the nucleotides in DNA, showing base-like chemical properties. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) is a double-stranded, helical molecule. Double helix is the biological term that describes the overall structure of DNA. Watson-Crick Model: A model of DNA structure in which the molecule is a cross-linked double-stranded helix, each strand is composed of alternating links of phosphate and deoxyribose, and the strands are cross-linked by pairs of purine and pyrimidine bases projecting inward from the deoxyribose sugars and joined by hydrogen bonds. Due to the base pairing, the DNA strands are complementary to each other, run in opposite directions, and are called antiparallel strands.Hydrogen bonds between strands lock them together.Adenine always pairs with thymine and guanine with cytosine in the opposite strand of DNA.Watson-Crick model suggests that DNA has a helical structure with the sugar and phosphate backbone outside, nitrogen bases inside. ![]() Section Bank B/B Section Passage 3 Question 18 DNA is composed of two strands twisted into a double helix. Each groove spirals around the double helix every ten base pairs. Computer illustration showing the structure of double stranded DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecules. When two strands are complementary, they curl into a double helix with a major groove and minor groove. This base-pairing takes place between a purine and pyrimidine: adenosine (A) with thymine (T), and guanine (G) with cytosine (C). British Liquid Crystal Societys annual conference was held at Cambridge, and since liquid crystalline. The strands lie side by side in antiparallel 3′ → 5′ directions and are bound together by the hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases, forming a double-stranded structure. In this structure, DNA is made up of two strands that are twisted around each other to form a right-handed helix, called a double helix. The DNA double helix looks like a twisted staircase with the sugar and phosphate backbone (banisters) surrounding complementary nitrogen bases (stairs).ĭNA usually exists in a form described by the Watson-Crick model.
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